diff --git a/src/runtime-three/light-volume-utils.ts b/src/runtime-three/light-volume-utils.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..77c702c4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/runtime-three/light-volume-utils.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+import type { Vec3 } from "../core/vector";
+import type { BoxBrushLightFalloffMode } from "../document/brushes";
+
+const MAX_LIGHT_VOLUME_POINT_LIGHTS = 4;
+const MIN_SPLIT_HALF_EXTENT = 0.65;
+const MIN_LIGHT_DISTANCE = 0.75;
+
+const POSITION_FACTORS: Record<BoxBrushLightFalloffMode, number> = {
+  linear: 0.45,
+  smoothstep: 0.7
+};
+
+const DISTANCE_SCALES: Record<BoxBrushLightFalloffMode, number> = {
+  linear: 1,
+  smoothstep: 1.1
+};
+
+const DISTANCE_PADDING_SCALES: Record<BoxBrushLightFalloffMode, number> = {
+  linear: 0.5,
+  smoothstep: 0.35
+};
+
+const DECAY_BY_FALLOFF: Record<BoxBrushLightFalloffMode, number> = {
+  linear: 1.4,
+  smoothstep: 2
+};
+
+type Vec3Axis = keyof Vec3;
+
+export interface DerivedLightVolumePointLight {
+  localPosition: Vec3;
+  intensity: number;
+  distance: number;
+  decay: number;
+}
+
+function createVec3(x: number, y: number, z: number): Vec3 {
+  return { x, y, z };
+}
+
+function getHalfSize(size: Vec3): Vec3 {
+  return createVec3(size.x * 0.5, size.y * 0.5, size.z * 0.5);
+}
+
+function getInnerHalfSize(halfSize: Vec3, padding: number): Vec3 {
+  return createVec3(
+    Math.max(0, halfSize.x - padding),
+    Math.max(0, halfSize.y - padding),
+    Math.max(0, halfSize.z - padding)
+  );
+}
+
+function getAxisOffsets(
+  halfExtent: number,
+  split: boolean,
+  positionFactor: number
+): number[] {
+  if (!split || halfExtent <= 0) {
+    return [0];
+  }
+
+  const offset = halfExtent * positionFactor;
+  return [-offset, offset];
+}
+
+export function deriveBoxLightVolumePointLights(options: {
+  size: Vec3;
+  intensity: number;
+  padding: number;
+  falloff: BoxBrushLightFalloffMode;
+}): DerivedLightVolumePointLight[] {
+  if (options.intensity <= 0) {
+    return [];
+  }
+
+  const halfSize = getHalfSize(options.size);
+  const innerHalfSize = getInnerHalfSize(
+    halfSize,
+    Math.max(0, options.padding)
+  );
+  const axisOrder = (["x", "y", "z"] as Vec3Axis[]).sort(
+    (left, right) => innerHalfSize[right] - innerHalfSize[left]
+  );
+  const splitAxes: Record<Vec3Axis, boolean> = {
+    x: false,
+    y: false,
+    z: false
+  };
+  let lightCount = 1;
+
+  for (const axis of axisOrder) {
+    if (lightCount >= MAX_LIGHT_VOLUME_POINT_LIGHTS) {
+      break;
+    }
+
+    if (innerHalfSize[axis] < MIN_SPLIT_HALF_EXTENT) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    splitAxes[axis] = true;
+    lightCount *= 2;
+  }
+
+  const positionFactor = POSITION_FACTORS[options.falloff];
+  const offsetX = getAxisOffsets(innerHalfSize.x, splitAxes.x, positionFactor);
+  const offsetY = getAxisOffsets(innerHalfSize.y, splitAxes.y, positionFactor);
+  const offsetZ = getAxisOffsets(innerHalfSize.z, splitAxes.z, positionFactor);
+  const perLightIntensity = options.intensity / Math.sqrt(lightCount);
+  const halfDiagonal = Math.sqrt(
+    halfSize.x * halfSize.x +
+      halfSize.y * halfSize.y +
+      halfSize.z * halfSize.z
+  );
+  const distance = Math.max(
+    MIN_LIGHT_DISTANCE,
+    halfDiagonal * DISTANCE_SCALES[options.falloff] -
+      Math.max(0, options.padding) *
+        DISTANCE_PADDING_SCALES[options.falloff]
+  );
+  const decay = DECAY_BY_FALLOFF[options.falloff];
+  const lights: DerivedLightVolumePointLight[] = [];
+
+  for (const x of offsetX) {
+    for (const y of offsetY) {
+      for (const z of offsetZ) {
+        lights.push({
+          localPosition: createVec3(x, y, z),
+          intensity: perLightIntensity,
+          distance,
+          decay
+        });
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  return lights;
+}