diff --git a/src/lib/transformers/ableton.ts b/src/lib/transformers/ableton.ts
index 2826e48..b6e77c0 100644
--- a/src/lib/transformers/ableton.ts
+++ b/src/lib/transformers/ableton.ts
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ import {
   TimeSignature,
 } from '../../types/types';
 import { getSampleName } from '../exporters/utils';
-import { findPad, findSoundByPad, findSoundIdByPad } from '../utils';
+import { findPad, findSoundByPad, findSoundIdByPad, padToPadCode } from '../utils';
 
 const PROJECT_GROUPS: Group[] = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'];
 
@@ -465,7 +465,7 @@ function abletonTransformer(data: ProjectRawData, exporterParams: ExporterParams
         if (pad.soundId <= 0) {
           return;
         }
-        const padCode = `${group}${pad.pad - 1}` as PadCode;
+        const padCode = padToPadCode(pad);
         if (trackLookup.has(padCode)) {
           return;
         }
diff --git a/src/lib/transformers/dawProject.ts b/src/lib/transformers/dawProject.ts
index 3f85aa8..26cb1ab 100644
--- a/src/lib/transformers/dawProject.ts
+++ b/src/lib/transformers/dawProject.ts
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ import {
   TimeSignature,
 } from '../../types/types';
 import { getSampleName } from '../exporters/utils';
-import { findPad, findSoundByPad, findSoundIdByPad } from '../utils';
+import { findPad, findSoundByPad, findSoundIdByPad, padToPadCode } from '../utils';
 
 export type DawData = {
   tracks: DawTrack[];
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ function dawProjectTransformer(data: ProjectRawData, exporterParams: ExporterPar
           return;
         }
 
-        const padCode = `${group}${pad.pad - 1}` as PadCode;
+        const padCode = padToPadCode(pad);
         if (tracks.some((t) => t.padCode === padCode)) {
           return;
         }
diff --git a/src/lib/transformers/midi.ts b/src/lib/transformers/midi.ts
index df0ddb8..77e2bb2 100644
--- a/src/lib/transformers/midi.ts
+++ b/src/lib/transformers/midi.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import * as Sentry from '@sentry/react';
 import { ExporterParams, Note, ProjectRawData } from '../../types/types';
 import { getQuarterNotesPerBar, TICKS_PER_BEAT } from '../exporters/utils';
-import { findSoundByPad } from '../utils';
+import { findSoundByPad, padToPadCode } from '../utils';
 
 export type MidiData = {
   tracks: MidiTrack[];
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ function midiTransformer(data: ProjectRawData, exporterParams: ExporterParams) {
           return;
         }
 
-        const padCode = `${group}${pad.pad - 1}`;
+        const padCode = padToPadCode(pad);
         if (midiTracks.some((t) => t.padCode === padCode)) {
           return;
         }
diff --git a/src/lib/transformers/reaper.ts b/src/lib/transformers/reaper.ts
index cb7870c..3e2508d 100644
--- a/src/lib/transformers/reaper.ts
+++ b/src/lib/transformers/reaper.ts
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ import {
   TimeSignature,
 } from '../../types/types';
 import { getSampleName } from '../exporters/utils';
-import { findPad, findSoundByPad, findSoundIdByPad } from '../utils';
+import { findPad, findSoundByPad, findSoundIdByPad, padToPadCode } from '../utils';
 
 export type RprData = {
   tracks: RprTrack[];
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ export function reaperTransform(data: ProjectRawData, exporterParams: ExporterPa
           return;
         }
 
-        const padCode = `${group}${pad.pad - 1}` as PadCode;
+        const padCode = padToPadCode(pad);
         if (tracks.some((t) => t.padCode === padCode)) {
           return;
         }
diff --git a/src/lib/transformers/webView.ts b/src/lib/transformers/webView.ts
index 394dbdf..902c5ca 100644
--- a/src/lib/transformers/webView.ts
+++ b/src/lib/transformers/webView.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import * as Sentry from '@sentry/react';
 import { Note, Pad, ProjectRawData } from '../../types/types';
 import { getSampleName } from '../exporters/utils';
 import { noteNumberToName } from '../parsers';
-import { findPad, findSoundByPad, findSoundIdByPad } from '../utils';
+import { findPad, findSoundByPad, findSoundIdByPad, padToPadCode } from '../utils';
 
 export type ViewNote = Note & { name: string };
 
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ function webViewTransformer(data: ProjectRawData): ViewData {
   for (const group in pads) {
     pads[group].forEach((pad) => {
       if (pad.soundId > 0) {
-        usedPads.add(`${group}${pad.pad - 1}`);
+        usedPads.add(padToPadCode(pad));
       }
     });
   }
diff --git a/src/lib/utils.ts b/src/lib/utils.ts
index b5dae8f..b1313ad 100644
--- a/src/lib/utils.ts
+++ b/src/lib/utils.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { Pad, Sound } from '../types/types';
+import { Pad, PadCode, Sound } from '../types/types';
 import { PAD_DISPLAY_FROM_INDEX } from './constants';
 
 export function findPad(pad: string, pads: Record<string, Pad[]>) {
@@ -9,6 +9,10 @@ export function findPad(pad: string, pads: Record<string, Pad[]>) {
   return padData;
 }
 
+export function padToPadCode(pad: Pad): PadCode {
+  return `${pad.group}${pad.pad - 1}` as PadCode;
+}
+
 export function findSoundIdByPad(pad: string, pads: Record<string, Pad[]>) {
   const padData = findPad(pad, pads);
 
diff --git a/tests/sparse-pads.test.ts b/tests/sparse-pads.test.ts
index 249b9ea..8312d73 100644
--- a/tests/sparse-pads.test.ts
+++ b/tests/sparse-pads.test.ts
@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
 import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
 import test from 'node:test';
-import { createServer } from 'vite';
 import { collectPads } from '../src/lib/parsers';
+import abletonTransformer from '../src/lib/transformers/ableton';
+import midiTransformer from '../src/lib/transformers/midi';
 import { TarFile } from '../src/lib/untar';
-import { findPad } from '../src/lib/utils';
+import { findPad, padToPadCode } from '../src/lib/utils';
 import { EffectType, FaderParam, Group, GroupFaderParam, ProjectRawData } from '../src/types/types';
 
 function faderParams(): GroupFaderParam {
@@ -70,49 +71,15 @@ test('keeps physical p02 on zero-based pattern source 1 when p01 is omitted', as
   assert.equal(physicalPad.pad, 2);
   assert.equal(findPad('a0', data.pads), undefined);
   assert.equal(findPad('a1', data.pads), physicalPad);
+  assert.equal(padToPadCode(physicalPad), 'a1');
 
   const params = { exportAllPadsWithSamples: true, keepUnusedPatterns: false };
-  const server = await createServer({
-    server: { middlewareMode: true },
-    appType: 'custom',
-    mode: 'production',
-    define: { 'import.meta.env.DEV': 'false' },
-    ssr: { noExternal: ['lodash'] },
-  });
-
-  try {
-    const [abletonModule, midiModule, reaperModule, dawProjectModule, webViewModule] =
-      await Promise.all([
-        server.ssrLoadModule('/src/lib/transformers/ableton.ts'),
-        server.ssrLoadModule('/src/lib/transformers/midi.ts'),
-        server.ssrLoadModule('/src/lib/transformers/reaper.ts'),
-        server.ssrLoadModule('/src/lib/transformers/dawProject.ts'),
-        server.ssrLoadModule('/src/lib/transformers/webView.ts'),
-      ]);
-
-    assert.deepEqual(
-      abletonModule.default(data, params).tracks.map((track: { padCode: string }) => track.padCode),
-      ['a1'],
-    );
-    assert.deepEqual(
-      midiModule.default(data, params).tracks.map((track: { padCode: string }) => track.padCode),
-      ['a1'],
-    );
-    assert.deepEqual(
-      reaperModule.default(data, params).tracks.map((track: { padCode: string }) => track.padCode),
-      ['a1'],
-    );
-    assert.deepEqual(
-      dawProjectModule
-        .default(data, params)
-        .tracks.map((track: { padCode: string }) => track.padCode),
-      ['a1'],
-    );
-    assert.deepEqual(
-      webViewModule.default(data).scenes[0].patterns.map((pattern: { pad: string }) => pattern.pad),
-      ['a1'],
-    );
-  } finally {
-    await server.close();
-  }
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    abletonTransformer(data, params).tracks.map((track) => track.padCode),
+    ['a1'],
+  );
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    midiTransformer(data, params).tracks.map((track) => track.padCode),
+    ['a1'],
+  );
 });